INTRODUCTION
The term psychosomatic may be interpreted in two ways:
1. It expresses a general clinical view that includes many diseases. In this sense psychosomatic and Adolph Myer's term 'psychobiologic' have the same meaning. Psychosomatic medicine accepts that the organism is a unit of the spirit and the body. This means that there has to be a physical reason for many physical disorders or a physical cause behind most emotional syndromes.
2. In a certain group of physical symptoms the underlying cause maybe operating through the autonomic nervous system. In these diseases emotional factors have an effect upon the physical system giving rise to syndromes such as vasomotor rhinitis, bronchial asthma, coronary heart disease, duodenal ulcer, ulcerative colitics, dysmenorrhoea, nocturnal enuresis, rheumatoid arthritis, migraine, and neurodermatitis. (6,7)
Psychosomatic diseases may also be regarded as psychophysiological diseases. As time goes by these may cause structural changes in the viscera.
HEREDITARY TENDENCIES
A family relationship can also be demonstrated in psychosomatic diseases. Songar(7) states that there is a 11.5% incidence of gastric ulcers amongst siblings of diagnosed cases of the disease.
THALAMIC CONNECTIONS
Direct innervation of the brain stem and reticular formation may cause changes on the ECG. This changes the reaction of ECG awareness. A slow rhythm and synchronism disappears. Asynchronism and high frequency low amplitude modulations replace it. This is known as the 'awareness reaction' and may be obtained by the innervations of the reticular activating mechanism, the tegmentum, the dorsal hypothalamus, the ventromedial thalamus, and the subthalamic zones. The effects which cause this synchronal process operate through the cortex in two ways:
1. The root from the subthalamus reaches the cortex.
2. The non-specific projection system originating in the thalamic nucleus.
The results obtained from the innervation of the recticular system are very much the same as those of peripheral stimuli. Studies have shown that all afferent pathways meet in the centre of the reticular activating system. Motivational behaviour is also guided from this area. Such behaviour can be divided info three groups (6,7).

1. Respiration and air hunger;
2. Hunger and food seeking behaviour;
3. Sexual behaviour.

THALAMIC CONTROL
The life of human beings is integral; it is possible to include the simplest spinal reflex, voluntary reflex, and brain cortex function in a unified whole. Separation of these elements is impossible. Emotional and rational behaviour are united in one unit and become integrated. The diencephalon is the place where the most important parts of this information are coordinated.
The diencephalon is a very important nuclear section centreing around the third ventrical of the thalamus and hypothalamus. Apart from the olfactory tract the thalamus anatomically is the final switching point for all roots to the diencephalon. It is, therefore, known as the gate to consciousness or the pre-cerebrum.
It is also said to be an independent integration centre in which the stimuli which are conducted from the sensory organs are supplemented by the simple sensations and effects which are then passed on to the cerebral cortex.
PROJECTIONS TO THE PINNA
The earlap, or pinna is closely connected with both cerebrum and thalamus. The projection of these brain areas is on the outer side of the inner surface of anti-tragus. There are lots of important points of the thalamus-zone in the inner surface of antitragus. These points, become evident from time to time according to the condition of the body (4, 7).
There is a secial thalamus point in the thalamus-zone which is in the base of the concha. We can determine this point by pulling down the anti-tragus.
This point is especially used in order to treat tic, relieve pain and regulate systolic blood pressure. As it is liable to cause miscarriage this point should not be used during pregnancy (4).
HYPOTHALAMUS
This part of the brain is closely connected with autonomic functions. Consider the autonomic effects are released, when the hypothalamus is stimulated. The hypothalamus was once called "the main ganglion of the autonomic nervous system." The autonomic effects released via the hypothalamus are frequently only the accompanying symptoms of more complex phenomena (i.e. anger and other emotions). The effects of the thalamus on visceral functions are also known.

In this part of the ear, there is another diuresis ; point on the posterior-anterior zone of the projection area of the hypophysis. In case of oedema, when this point is stimulated, very important results are obtained. This point stimulates the osmoreceptors on the anterior hypothalamus. There are effective points on the hypothalamus zone for appetite and thirst. With the careful study of this zone, many important and essential points can be detected.
The hypothalamus, being the centre of all processes of the vegetative system, is so closely related to the hypophysis which is responsible for hormonal regulation that we can generally speak of a drencephalic - hypophyseal system.
This part of the ear where the thalamus and hypothalamus exist includes other zones that relate to human health.

HYPOPHYSIS
A projection of the Hypophysis is represented in the intertragic notch. This consists of these points:
1. The Gonadotrophic Point: Corresponding to the gonadotrophic pituitary hormone. Via this point, both the male and female genital function can be influenced, dysmenorrhoea, menorrhagia and metrorrhagia, elirnacleric complaints in woman. These points are indirectly related to the skin and joint problems which occur during the menopause and menstrual cycle.
2. The ACTH Point: it is used in cases of mental and physical exhaustion, and must be taken info consideration in the treatment of painful disorders of the joints and spondylopathy.
3. The TSH Point (Thyrotrophic hormone).
The point has a favorable effect on the thyroid in both hypofunction and hyperfunction. Thus, it is not only able to influence asthenic conditions which involve hypothyroid complaints (e.g. sensation of coldness) but also hyperactivity, irritability and vascular instability, such as may be seen in hyperthyroidism.

The ear has been created in a shape that can give us the information connected with the person's structural sturdiness. The shape of the ear is full of knowledge that informs us about a person's kidney and brain. According to traditional Chinese Medicine, each viscera has a sense organ in which it opens. The sense organ for kidney is the ear. If a person's kidney is normal, in terms of brain function, he is also healthy. If there are any disorders in the kidney brain functions may not be normal and this can be understood by looking at the ear, the mirror of the kidney.
One of the most important duties of the kidney is producing marrow, forming up the brain, dominating the bones, and manufacturing blood. The kidney stores essence which can produce marrow (including spinal cord and bone marrow). The upper part of the spinal cord connects with the brain, white the bone marrow nourishes the bones and manufactures blood. The supply to the brain, the solidity of the bone, and the adequacy of the blood are therefore all closely related to the condition of the essence of the kidney.
For those, who have hereditary-familial susceptibility psychosomatic diseases, the span of the intertragic notch is wider than 0,5 cm, the height of the antitragus is so small that the inferior hemiconcha may be observed.
Patients are liable to psychosomatic disease, if the degree of the angle of the intertragic notch is more than 45°. The narrower the angle of the intertragic notch is, the less the possibility of mental and psychosomatic .diseases.
1. When it is viewed with the naked eye from the outside, if the intertragic notch is broad and wide, the antitragus is worn and became broad to the out and downward. If the hemichoncha is easily seen, your patient might have psychosomatic roots.
2. The tendency to psychosomatic disease may be inherited from the family.
3. Somatic complaints may have a psychical basis. As early as in the Neijing there were descriptions of the brain, one of which is as follows: 'The brain is a sea of marrow". Subsequently a further understanding of the brain was obtained; that is, it was recognized in Yixue Yuanshi (Origin of Medical Science) that the sense organs, i.e., the ears, eye s, mouth, and nose, are in the head dose to the brain. Owing to their highest and most obvious position, they may perceive objects, which will impress the brain directly and remain in the brain. Also, it was suggested in Yilin Gaicuo (Medical Correction) that thinking and memorization are the main functions of the brain.

SUMMARY
The articles of my thesis that i move here are:
- There are very important projection zones on the Intertragic notch.
- These projection zones and very important zones of the brain are reciprocally affecting each other.
- These important zones of the brain are effective for the definition, the formation and the treatment of psychosomatic diseases.
- A few psychosomatic diseases show hereditary familial characteristics.
- The earlap is the mirror of the kidney.
- The kidney has a very important role in the formation and appearance of the brain.
- By looking at the intertragic notch in the ear, we can understand the functions of the brain and determine if the person is inclined to be susceptible to the psychosomatic disease or not.

REFERENCES
1. Dinçmen, Kriton: Nöroloji, Inkilap ve Ata Kitapevi. Istanbul. 1977.
2. Essentials of Chinese Acupunkture. Foreign Languages Press, Beijing, China.
3. Jayasuriya, Anton. Clinical Acupuncture. Tilaka Press, 39 Hulftsdorp Street, Colombo 12.
Snaikanka. 1981 4. Kropej, Helmut: The fundamentals of ear acupuncture. Heidelberg. Haug: 1979

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